The stun gun does not merely rely on pain for results. The stun gun works on the muscular and neural system. When 3-5 seconds of contact is made with the stun gun, an assailant's neuromuscular system is overwhelmed and controlled, causing loss of balance and muscle control, confusion and disorientation. The effect on the heart is insignificant. It takes 5 to 10 minutes for full recovery.
Even if the assailant is touching you, there is no way the current will pass to you. There is no shock-back.
When using the stun gun on an assailant, you will not hear the loud zapping electrical discharge that you do when testing. All the available energy is being discharged into his body. The stun gun cannot be damaged by the continuous firing into an assailant.
However: DO NOT DISCHARGE THE UNIT INTO THE AIR FOR MORE THAN ONE SECOND. REPEAT FIRING FOR LONGER DURATION'S CAN DAMAGE THE UNIT AND VOID THE WARRANTY.